Pedagogical strategies based on sensory learning channels in university education

Abstract

Knowledge is a personal and unique construction for each individual, as everyone interprets their environment through the central nervous system, influenced by physical, emotional, social, and cultural factors. This leads to multiple forms of understanding. In this context, learning styles are defined as individual preferences in the way a person perceives, processes, and retains information. These preferences are variable and should not be rigidly classified. Among the most common learning styles are visual, auditory, and kinesthetic. Visual learners learn best by observing and processing written information; auditory learners prefer acquiring knowledge through listening, while kinesthetic learners do so through movement, touch, and hands-on activities. These styles represent individual strengths that enable learners to perform intellectual and psychological tasks more effectively. Understanding learning styles is crucial for educators, as it allows them to adapt their teaching strategies and thereby foster the development of competencies in their students. A study conducted at this institution, with a sample of 30 participants, used Lynn O’Brien’s Learning Style Inventory to identify preferred learning channels. The results showed that most participants, especially women, favored the visual channel. Furthermore, the study suggests that in the Nursing degree program, it would be appropriate to incorporate instructional strategies focused on visual resources—such as infographics, diagrams, concept maps, or multimedia presentations. This methodological adjustment enhances information processing and optimizes learning, contributing to a more solid and contextually relevant preparation for professional practice.