Beneficios reportados de la realidad virtual y la realidad aumentada en la educación superior: una revisión sistemática

  • Jesús Antonio Zepeda Llamas Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.
  • Jorge Inés León Balderrama Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.
  • Beatriz Arellano Grajales Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo A.C.

Resumen

Las tecnologías inmersivas (TI) como la Realidad Virtual (RV) y la Realidad Aumentada (RA) han cobrado creciente importancia como herramientas que pueden potenciar los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje en la educación superior. Su capacidad de recrear escenarios complejos a través de simulaciones apoya la formación práctica y fomenta la motivación del alumnado, especialmente en áreas como la medicina, las ingenierías y las ciencias naturales. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar de qué manera las aplicaciones de RV y RA influyen en las distintas dimensiones del aprendizaje en educación superior, identificando sus beneficios, limitaciones y perspectivas de aplicación. Dado el carácter heterogéneo de la evidencia empírica sobre el tema, se realizó una revisión sistemática (PRISMA 2020) de 21 estudios experimentales y cuasi experimentales publicados entre 2017 y 2024, consultando las bases de datos Scopus, Web of Science y EBSCOhost. Los resultados muestran que los estudiantes registran una mejora sustancial en el aprendizaje conceptual, la retención de información, la transferencia de habilidades, el compromiso estudiantil, así como beneficios en el trabajo colaborativo y la empatía, particularmente en contextos médicos y de ciencias sociales. Aunque persisten limitaciones provenientes de la corta duración de los estudios y su concentración en países desarrollados, se concluye que la RV y la RA presentan un alto potencial transformador para la educación superior, siempre que su implementación se base en investigación longitudinal, métricas comunes y una adecuada formación docente.

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Publicado
2025-10-24
Cómo citar
Zepeda Llamas, J. A., León Balderrama, J. I., & Arellano Grajales, B. (2025). Beneficios reportados de la realidad virtual y la realidad aumentada en la educación superior: una revisión sistemática. RIDE Revista Iberoamericana Para La Investigación Y El Desarrollo Educativo, 16(31). https://doi.org/10.23913/ride.v16i31.2663
Sección
Artículos Científicos