Criminal Liability in Mexican Public Health: Challenges, Representative Cases and Proposals to Prevent Negligence in Health Emergencies
Abstract
Negligence in public health poses a critical challenge for healthcare systems, particularly in Mexico, where health emergencies have highlighted structural and operational deficiencies. This paper explores criminal liability as a mechanism to address omissions and failures in crisis management, emphasizing representative cases and proposing actions to prevent future negligence. Through the analysis of the Mexican legal framework, the challenges of implementing criminal sanctions are evaluated, including evidentiary standards, lack of clear regulation, and tensions between political and medical decisions. Additionally, statistics on complaints and legal proceedings related to public health negligence are presented, along with proposals for future research and legislative development, such as specialized normative frameworks, crisis management training, and monitoring tools. The conclusions underscore the need for an integrated approach combining criminal sanctions with structural reforms to promote a more resilient and equitable healthcare system.
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